مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال نهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1401)

Parkinson's disease is a chronic brain disorder that occurs as a result of the loss, reduction or damage of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the substantia nigra located in the midbrain. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of 8 weeks of strength-endurance training with olive oil consumption on motor performance and oxidative stress level in the brain of male parkinsonian rats.

48 male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups including control, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease + olive oil, Parkinson's disease + corn oil, Parkinson's disease + exercise, Parkinson's disease + exercise + corn oil, Parkinson's disease + exercise + olive oil, healthy group + exercise. + olive oil. 0.4 ml of olive oil and corn oil were orally fed to rats daily for 8 weeks in the desired groups. Endurance exercise included exercising on a treadmill for 30 minutes at a speed of 11 meters per minute and strength exercise included climbing a ladder with weights three times. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, brain tissue and motor performance were measured.. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.

Super oxymesmutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase significantly   increased in the exercise group with olive oil supplementation compared to Parkinson's control group (p <0.05). In addition, a decrease in the amount of malondialdehyde after exercise was observed (p <0.05). Improvement of motor function was also observed in rats with training and consumption of olive oil compared to Parkinson's control group (p <0.05).

Endurance strength training with olive supplementation improves motor function and the amount of antioxidants in Parkinson's rats

Malnutrition is one of the most important factors affecting the treatment process of children with cancer. The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of nutritional interventions in controlling and treatment of malnutrition in children with common cancers.

The current study is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted in the Hematology and Oncology Department of Mofid Children's Hospital. All included patients were children aged <18 years with leukemia, lymphoma, and neuroblastoma. Sampling was done in a non-random way. Nutritional evaluation of patients included measuring weight, height, arm circumference and calculating body mass index performed by a pediatrician. The percentage and Z-score of weight for height and in 2 year old children and older, the percentage and Z-score of body mass index were calculated. Based on the obtained results, the severity of malnutrition was determined.

A total of 96 children with common childhood cancers were studied. The results revealed that weight changes were not significant among sexual groups. Moreover, there was no significant difference in height between children with different cancers. Based on the diagram 2, a decrease in the BMI of children with nephroblastoma, neuroblastoma, and lymphoma was observed in the third period. The results showed that there was no significant difference in BMI based on gender and in different time periods. In the Z score diagram by gender, there was no significant difference between boys and girls, while in the tenth time period, unlike boys, a sharp decrease was observed in girls..

The results showed that in most of the investigated indicators, the nutritional status in the diagnosis of cancer in the age group of children was in the normal range. However, long-term and continuous follow-up of the patients with malignancy is necessary to determine the effect of their nutritional status on diagnosis and treatment process.

Parkinson's disease is the second age-related neurodegenerative disease that is clinically characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of circuit resistance training on motor neuromuscular function in patients with Parkinson's disease.

In this semi-experimental research, 20 patients with Parkinson's disease were randomly divided into two groups: resistance training (eight weeks of resistance training, 3 sessions per week) and control (without training). Maximum strength of upper and lower body muscles was calculated using the O'Connor method. The muscle Power of the subjects was measured by ramp power test and the VO2max was measured by the Astrand-Rimming sub-maximal test. T-test and analysis of covariance were run for statistical analysis.

After the training period, a significant increase was observed in the strength levels of upper and lower torso muscles (p<0.001), muscle strength (p<0.001) and VO2max (p<0.01) in the training group compared to the control group; however no significant difference was observed in their weight and body mass index (p>0.05).

According to the results, it can be concluded that eight weeks of circuit resistance training improves muscle function and also increases cardiorespiratory endurance in patients with Parkinson.

Aging is an inevitable process of life that occurs with a decrease in muscle function. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on serum levels of klotho, myostatin, and muscle function in middle-aged women.

A total of 20 middle-aged women with a mean age of 42±2 were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. Subjects practiced three sessions per week for 8 weeks., Blood samples of 5 cc were taken from the subjects 48 hours before the first session and after the last training session respectively. After centrifugation and separation of serum, the concentrations of klotho and myostatin were measured using an ELISA kit. Muscle performance was also measured by measuring muscle strength, muscle endurance, and the explosive power of the legs.

The results showed that eight weeks of resistance training significantly increased serum klotho levels (p≤0.05) and decreased serum myostatin levels (p≤0.05). Resistance training was also able to increase muscle function in this sample. The difference between the training group and the control group was significant for BMI (Body mass index), fat percentage, and muscle percentage(p≤0.05), but not significant for WHR(waist to hip ratio)factor (p>0.05). The results of Pearson correlation test between klotho and muscle strength, muscle endurance and explosive power were also significant (p≤0.05).

 Based on the results, resistance training can possibly play a role in improving the physical condition and muscle function of middle-aged women by balancing positive muscle growth regulators such as klotho and negative ones such as myostatin.

Studies indicate that vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infection with COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to provide vaccination considerations of patients with autoimmune/autoinflammatory rheumatologic diseases, immunodeficiencies, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory, and cardiovascular diseases for doctors, healthcare staff, and patients..

In this review study, a search was done in scientific electronic databases such as ISI, Google scholar, Scopus, and PubMed. The most up-to-date, relevant, and   reliable articles published in 2019-2022 were used on the topic of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination of patients with certain diseases.

Patients with autoimmune diseases should be vaccinated against COVID-19 when the disease activity is under control and there is no co-infection. Mild immunosuppression does not reduce the antibody response to vaccines. Vaccination with all types of vaccines except for live attenuated vaccines is effective for all cancer patients, with the exception of those receiving anti-B cell therapy. Moreover, vaccination of individuals with comorbidities (obesity, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and diabetes) which increase the risk of severe COVID-19 is recommended.

The best way to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is to increase vaccination coverage to induce immune responses against this virus. It is recommended that patients with immune system defects, people who take immunosuppressive drugs, and the elderly receive booster doses of the Corona vaccine.

The new Coronavirus appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, the new disease, coronavirus pneumonia, has spread rapidly throughout the world, and efforts have been made to prevent, treat, or reduce its complications worldwide. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the possible effect of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity on the protection of people against this virus by measuring the level of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity of blood serum.

This study adopted a semi-experimental design, in which, glutathione and total antioxidant capacity of 90 patients with corona virus admitted to the infectious department of Bandar Abbas Shahid Mohammadi Hospital with 90 healthy people as a control group was measured by using of  the Beutler and the FRAP method. The data were analyzed using independent t-test in SPSS software, version 22.

The results showed that the average level of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity in patients with corona virus is lower than that of healthy people, and this difference shows a statistically significant difference, P<0.01 and  P<0.05 , respectively.

Based on the results of this research, the level of glutathione and the total antioxidant capacity reduced in patients with corona virus. Thus it seems necessary to strengthen the antioxidant system in these patients.

According to the studies conducted in Western countries, the iceA1 gene is considered as a risk factor for peptic ulcer. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of iceA1 gene on determining the final clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection such as peptic ulcers (duodenum ulcer and gastric ulcer) and gastric cancer in the Iranian population.

A systematic search was conducted using national and international databases. All studies on the association between iceA1 and gastrointestinal diseases in the Iranian population were collected by August 2022.

A total of 10 articles including 1,967 patients were considered as eligible studies. Based on the findings of this study, the rate of colonization with the H. pylori strains containing iceA1 in patients affected by peptic ulcers (gastric ulcer and duodenum ulcer) and gastric cancer was measured at 50.3% and 57.7%, respectively. In this study, a significant relationship was not observed between iceA1 gene and progression of primary infection to gastric ulcer in the Iranian population. In addition, according to subgroup analysis, it was found that iceA1 gene can increase the risk of duodenum ulcer, while there is an inverse relationship between this gene and progression to gastric cancer.

The results of this meta-analysis revealed that the iceA1 gene significantly increases the risk of duodenum ulcers and can be considered as a risk factor for gastrointestinal diseases in the Iranian population.

Aerobic exercise with probiotic supplementation improves the antioxidant capacity in the left ventricle of diabetic patients by regulating gene expression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an aerobic exercise training with complementary probiotic supplementation on the gene expression of SIRT-1 and FNDC-5 in the left ventricle of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.

In this experimental research, 30 diabetic male laboratory rats were divided into five groups of six including, non-diabetic control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic supplement (DS), diabetic training (DT), diabetic training supplement (DTS). Diabetes was induced in all groups except for non-diabetic control group by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg per kilogram of body weight after 12 hours of overnight fasting. Real-time PCR technique was used to evaluate the gene expression of the SIRT-1and FNDC-5 and the comparison of groups was used by One way ANOVA at the alpha level of 0.05.

SIRT-1 gene expression in DT and DTS groups compared to DC group, (p<0.001) and (p<0.01)   respectively, and FNDC-5 gene expression in DT and DTS groups compared to DC group (p<0.05) and (p<0.001) significantly increased

Aerobic exercise combined with probiotic supplementation can possibly increase the antioxidant defense and improve diabetic cardiomyopathy by affecting the regulation of FNDC-5 gene expression in the left ventricle of diabetic rats.